Food Research

Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane), a natural phenolic compound, is a p300/CREB-binding protein-specific inhibitor of acetyltransferase, represses the acetylation of histone/nonhistone proteins and histone acetyltransferase-dependent chromatin transcription. Curcumin is a photosensitizer against microorganisms. Curcumin shows inhibitory effects on NF-κB and MAPKs, and has diverse pharmacologic effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antiangiogenic activities. Curcumin induces stabilization of Nrf2 protein through Keap1 cysteine modification.

D-Glucose is the naturally occurring form of glucose and the most abundant monosaccharide. D-Glucose is a critical components of the general metabolism, and serve as critical signaling molecules in relation to both cellular metabolic status and biotic or abiotic stress response.

Glycyrrhizic acid is a triterpenoid saponinl, acting as a direct HMGB1 antagonist, with anti-tumor, anti-diabetic activities.

D-Mannitol (Mannitol) is an oral, resistant sugar widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries to promote the absorption and retention of calcium and magnesium through cecal fermentation, while acting as a osmotic diuretic to reduce tissue edema. D-Mannitol can enhance brown fat formation, improve insulin effect, reduce blood sugar levels, And through the start the β₃-adrenergic receptor (β₃-AR), PGC1α and PKA induced by means of white fat cells into brown fat cells. D-Mannitol is commonly used to maintain osmotic pressure between the plant cytoplasm and the culture medium and protect cells when the cell wall is weakened or even removed.

α-Vitamin E ((+)-α-Tocopherol), a naturally occurring vitamin E form, is a potent antioxidant.

Peridinin is a hydroxylated carotenoid ketone that exhibits inhibitory activity against DENV NS2B/NS3 protease and all dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, DENV-4). Peridinin inhibits dengue virus production and reduces viral titers. Peridinin is applicable to research related to dengue virus infection.

Succinic acid is an anti-anxiety agent with oral activity. Disodium succinate is the salt form of Succinic acid. Succinic acid is an intermediate product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Succinic acid is an important platform chemical. Succinic acid can be used as surfactant, additive, ion chelating agent, flavoring agent and other applications in chemical, pharmaceutical and food fields.

Citric acid is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer. Citric acid induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells. Citric acid cause oxidative damage of the liver by means of the decrease of antioxidative enzyme activities. Citric acid is also an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant and buffering agent widely used across many industries.

Astaxanthin, the red dietary carotenoid, is an orally effective and potent antioxidant. Astaxanthin inhibits NF-κB and down-regulates VEGF in blood glucose. Astaxanthin exerts anti-cancer cell proliferation, increases apoptosis, impairs migration and invasion by activating PPARγ and reducing the expression of STAT3. Astaxanthin also has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activity and can be used in studies of cancer, diabetic retinopathy, cardiovascular disease, and in the coloring of animal feed.

Lycopene is naturally occurring carotenoids found in tomato, tomato products, and in other red fruits and vegetables; exhibits antioxidant effects.

D-Sorbitol (Sorbitol) is a six-carbon sugar alcohol and can used as a sugar substitute. D-Sorbitol can be used as a stabilizing excipient and/or isotonicity agent, sweetener, humectant, thickener and dietary supplement.

Lutein (Xanthophyll) is a carotenoid with reported anti-inflammatory properties. A large body of evidence shows that lutein has several beneficial effects, especially on eye health. Lutein exerts its biological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidase and anti-apoptosis, through effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS). Lutein is able to arrive in the brain and shows antidepressant-like and neuroprotective effects. Lutein is orally active.

Fucoxanthin (all-trans-Fucoxanthin) is a marine carotenoid and shows anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities.

β-Carotene (Provitamin A), a carotenoid compound, is a naturally-occurring vitamin A precursor. β-Carotene is a modulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS), with antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities. β-Carotene may serve as an antioxidant or as a prooxidant, depending on its intrinsic properties as well as on the redox potential of the biological environment in which it acts. β-Carotene induces breast cancer cells apoptosis, with anticancer activities.

Carvacrol is an orally active and blood-brain barrier-permeable monoterpenic phenol that can be extract from an abundant number of aromatic plants, including thyme and oregano, possessing antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, spasmolytic, and vasorelaxant properties. Carvacrol also causes cell cycle arrest in G0/G1, downregulates Notch-1, and Jagged-1, and induces apoptosis. Carvacrol is used in low concentrations as a food flavoring ingredient and preservative, as well as a fragrance ingredient in cosmetic formulations.

Zeaxanthin, a diet-obtained carotenoid, presents in the macula region of the eye. Zeaxanthin shows antioxidant effects.

Stevioside is an orally active sweetener that can be isolated from Stevia rebaudiana, with antihypertensive, antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities.

Natamycin (Pimaricin) is a macrolide antibiotic agent produced by several Streptomyces strains. Natamycin inhibits the growth of fungi via inhibition of amino acid and glucose transport across the plasma membrane. Natamycin is a food preservative, an antifungal agent in agriculture, and is widely used for fungal keratitis research.

Rhamnose (L-Rhamnose ) is an orally active deoxysugar. Rhamnose can inhibit levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in skin aging models. Rhamnose can promote the phosphorylation levels of PKA substrates and HSL in SVF-derived adipocytes, stimulating PKA signaling. Rhamnose can act against obesity in mice by stimulating fat dopamine receptors and inducing thermogenesis. Rhamnose shows anti-aging effects. Rhamnose monohydrate can be used in the study of Ehrlich’s solid tumors and sarcomas.

Prodigiosin (Prodigiosine) is a red pigment produced by bacteria as a bioactive secondary metabolite. Prodigiosin is a potent inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Prodigiosin has antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antimalarial, immunosuppressive, and anticancer properties.